JOINTS

1 – Stifle joint (knee) Hinge 2.- Hock Joint (Heel)  Hinge 3 – Hip Joint  Ball & Socket

4.- Shoulder joint  Ball & Socket 5.- Pastern joint (wrist)  Hinge 6.- Elbow joint  Hinge

Newfoundlands suffer many joint & bone complaints largely due to their massive bulk.

A thin dog will suffer less – please bear this in mind